Accepted for/Published in: JMIR mHealth and uHealth
Date Submitted: Jun 24, 2020
Date Accepted: Sep 12, 2020
Warning: This is an author submission that is not peer-reviewed or edited. Preprints - unless they show as "accepted" - should not be relied on to guide clinical practice or health-related behavior and should not be reported in news media as established information.
Effect of Smartphone based Intervention in Patients with Hypertension: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
ABSTRACT
Background:
Hypertension is the leading risk for cardiovascular disease, which is the leading cause of premature mortality. Hypertension affects approximately 244.5 million adults in China and only 15.3% of those population had controlled hypertension. Despite the positive effects of antihypertensive medication and lifestyle changes on blood pressure, low hypertension control rates lead to high mortality and disability from heart and vascular diseases. Smartphone is a promising tool for hypertension control.
Objective:
To determine the effect of Smartphone applications on blood pressure control, medication adherence and lifestyle changes.
Methods:
Databases were searched to identify ramdomized controlled trials. Data extracted from studies was analyzed to compare smartphone intervention to control.
Results:
Eight studies with a total of 1657 participants fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Pooled analysis of 6 studies of systolic blood pressure showed a significant overall effect towards smartphone intervention (weighted mean difference, -2.28 95%CI -3.90,0.66). Pooled analysis of medication adherence demonstrated a significant effect (<0.00001) in favor of intervention group (Standard mean difference, 0.38 95%CI 0.26, 0.50) with low heterogeneity (I2=0%). No difference seen in physical activity.
Conclusions:
Smartphone intervention leads to a BP reduction and an increase in medication adherence. The results of BP are complied with the results of medication adherence. No evidence showed that apps with behavior coaching functions reduce BP and increase medication adherence. The role of smartphone intervention in changing lifestyle was unclear.
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