Accepted for/Published in: JMIR mHealth and uHealth
Date Submitted: May 25, 2020
Date Accepted: Aug 6, 2020
Wearable Sleep-EEG Device Use in Adolescents: A Feasibility and Acceptability Study
ABSTRACT
Background:
Adolescence is an important life stage for the development of healthy behaviors, which have a long-lasting impact on health across the lifespan. Sleep undergoes significant changes during adolescence and is linked to physical and psychiatric health; however, sleep is rarely assessed in routine health care settings. Wearable sleep-EEG devices may represent user-friendly methods for assessing sleep among adolescents, but no studies to date have examined the feasibility and acceptability of sleep-EEG wearables in this age group.
Objective:
To investigate the feasibility and acceptability of sleep-EEG wearable devices among adolescents aged 11 - 17.
Methods:
One hundred and four adolescents aged 11 – 17 participated in seven days of at-home sleep recording using a self-administered wearable sleep-EEG device (Zmachine Insight+) as well as a wristworn actigraph. Feasibility was assessed as the number of full nights of successful recording completed by adolescents, and acceptability was measured by the Wearable Acceptability Survey for Sleep (WASS). Feasibility and acceptability were assessed separately for the sleep-EEG device and the wristworn actigraph.
Results:
Ninety-four percent of adolescents successfully recorded at least 1 night of data using the sleep-EEG device (mean number of nights: 5.42; SD = 1.71; median = 6, mode = 7). Eighty-one percent rated the comfort of the device as falling in the comfortable to mildly uncomfortable range. Forty percent reported typical sleep while using the device, while 39% indicated minimal to mild device-related sleep disturbances. A minority (31%) indicated changes in their sleep position due to device use and very few (8%) expressed dissatisfaction with their experience with the device. A similar pattern was observed for the wristworn actigraph device.
Conclusions:
Wearable sleep-EEG appears to represent a feasible, acceptable method for sleep assessment among adolescents, and may have utility for assessing and treating sleep disturbances at a population level. Future studies with adolescents should evaluate strategies for further improving usability of such devices, assess relationships between sleep-EEG derived metrics and health outcomes, and investigate methods for incorporating data from these devices into emerging digital interventions and applications. Clinical Trial: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03843762
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