Accepted for/Published in: JMIR Serious Games
Date Submitted: Nov 11, 2019
Date Accepted: Mar 20, 2020
Date Submitted to PubMed: Apr 29, 2020
Digital gamification to enhance vaccine knowledge and uptake: A scoping review
ABSTRACT
Background:
Vaccine hesitancy is a growing threat to population health and effective interventions are needed to reduce its frequency. Digital gamification is a promising new approach to tackle this public health issue.
Objective:
The purpose of this systematic review was to assess the amount, quality and effectiveness of evaluated gamified digital tools used for increasing vaccine knowledge and uptake.
Methods:
We searched for peer-reviewed articles published between July 2009 and August 2019 by using Pubmed, Google Scholar, Journal of Medical Internet Research, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection and SocINDEX. Studies were coded by author, year of publication, country, research design, sample size and characteristics, type of vaccine, game content, game modality and gamification element(s), data analysis, key findings, and mean quality score. Outcomes were synthetized through the textual narrative synthesis method.
Results:
A total of 7 articles met the inclusion criteria and were critically reviewed. Game modalities and gamification elements were diverse, but role playing and rewarding system were present in all studies. These articles included a mixture of randomized controlled trials, quasi-experimental studies, and studies comprising quantitative and qualitative measures. All identified gamified digital tools were highly appreciated for their usability and were effective in increasing awareness of vaccine benefits and motivation for vaccine uptake.
Conclusions:
Despite the relative paucity of studies on this topic, this systematic review suggests that digital gamification has a strong potential for increasing vaccination knowledge and, eventually, vaccination coverage. Clinical Trial: Non applicable
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