Accepted for/Published in: JMIR mHealth and uHealth
Date Submitted: Oct 15, 2019
Date Accepted: Jun 16, 2020
Date Submitted to PubMed: Jul 14, 2020
The effects of a novel contextual just-in-time mobile application intervention on sodium intake in adults with hypertension: Results from the LowSalt4Life pilot study
ABSTRACT
Background:
High dietary sodium intake is a significant public health problem in the U.S.
Objective:
We created and studied a just-in-time mobile application intervention intended to reduce sodium intake.
Methods:
In a single center prospective open-label pilot study, 50 patients aged ≥18 years with treated hypertension were randomized (1:1, stratified by gender) to the mobile application (LowSalt4Life) or usual care for 8 weeks. The primary endpoint is the change in 24-hour urinary sodium excretion estimated from spot urine by the Kawasaki equation, analyzed using unpaired t-testing. Secondary outcomes include the change in sodium intake, confidence in following a low sodium diet, and blood pressure (BP).
Results:
From baseline to week 8, the change in Kawasaki estimated 24-hour urinary sodium excretion was -462±1220 mg in the App compared to 381±1460 mg in the No App group (p=0.03). The 24-hour urinary sodium excretion was -637±1524 mg in the App compared to -322±1485mg in the No App group (p=0.47). The estimated sodium intake per 24-hour recall was -1537±2693 vs. -233±2150 mg (p=0.07) and by Food Frequency Questionnaire was -1553±1764 vs. -515±1081 mg (p=0.01) in the App group compared to No App group. Systolic BP decreased from baseline in the App compared to No App group (-7.5 vs. -0.7 mmHg, p=0.12), but self-confidence did not change.
Conclusions:
In a randomized pilot study, the LowSalt4Life mobile application showed promise in reducing dietary sodium intake. A larger clinical trial is warranted to elucidate the effects of this intervention on blood pressure control. Clinical Trial: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03099343 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03099343)
Citation
Request queued. Please wait while the file is being generated. It may take some time.
Copyright
© The authors. All rights reserved. This is a privileged document currently under peer-review/community review (or an accepted/rejected manuscript). Authors have provided JMIR Publications with an exclusive license to publish this preprint on it's website for review and ahead-of-print citation purposes only. While the final peer-reviewed paper may be licensed under a cc-by license on publication, at this stage authors and publisher expressively prohibit redistribution of this draft paper other than for review purposes.