Accepted for/Published in: JMIR Public Health and Surveillance
Date Submitted: Sep 9, 2019
Date Accepted: Apr 12, 2020
Changes in health-risk behavior, BMI, mental well-being and risk status following participation in a stepwise web-based and face-to-face intervention for prevention of lifestyle-related diseases – a pilot-study
ABSTRACT
Background:
Recent evidence suggests the effectiveness of step-wise, targeted approaches to prevention of non-communicable diseases (NCD), and combinations of web-based and face-to-face interventions have shown promising results.
Objective:
The present paper reports on changes in health-risk behaviours, body mass index (BMI), self-rated health, mental well-being, and risk of disease from baseline to one-year follow-up among persons at high risk of disease and persons with health-risk behaviour. To this end, we distinguish between persons taking up the full intervention (web-based plus face-to-face) and persons receiving the web-based intervention only.
Methods:
The TOF pilot study was conducted as a non-randomized one-year follow-up intervention study. Participants were stratified into risk groups based on responses to a questionnaire on health-risk behaviour and data from the general practitioners (GP) electronic patient record (EPR) system. All participants received a digital personal health profile. Patients at high risk of disease were offered a targeted intervention at the GP. Patients with health-risk behaviour were offered a targeted intervention at the municipal health center (MHC). We report on changes in health-risk behaviour, BMI, mental well-being and risk group from baseline to one-year follow-up among patients at high risk of disease and patients with health-risk behaviour.
Results:
Of 598 patients at high risk of disease or with health-risk behaviour, 135 took up the targeted intervention and 463 received the personal health profile, only. Across the study period the number of patients with unhealthy eating habits decreased, mean mental well-being increased and smoking prevalence decreased in patients receiving the digital personal health profile only. Among patients who took up the targeted interventions unhealthy eating habits and sedentary lifestyles decreased and significant reductions in mean BMI were also observed. At one-year follow up 17.4% of the patients had no health-risk behaviours.
Conclusions:
A step-wise targeted preventive approach using web-based as well as face-to-face elements may lead to favourable changes in smoking habits, dietary habits, level of physical activity, weight reductions and/or mental well-being depending on the level of intervention. Clinical Trial: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02797392, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02797392
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Copyright
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