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Accepted for/Published in: JMIR mHealth and uHealth

Date Submitted: Dec 30, 2018
Open Peer Review Period: Jan 2, 2019 - Feb 27, 2019
Date Accepted: Sep 5, 2019
(closed for review but you can still tweet)

The final, peer-reviewed published version of this preprint can be found here:

Applicability of the User Engagement Scale to Mobile Health: A Survey-Based Quantitative Study

Holdener M, Gut A, Angerer A

Applicability of the User Engagement Scale to Mobile Health: A Survey-Based Quantitative Study

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2020;8(1):e13244

DOI: 10.2196/13244

PMID: 31899454

PMCID: 6969386

Warning: This is an author submission that is not peer-reviewed or edited. Preprints - unless they show as "accepted" - should not be relied on to guide clinical practice or health-related behavior and should not be reported in news media as established information.

Applicability of the User Engagement Scale to Mobile Health: A Survey-Based Quantitative Study

  • Marianne Holdener; 
  • Alain Gut; 
  • Alfred Angerer

Background:

There has recently been exponential growth in the development and use of health apps on mobile phones. As with most mobile apps, however, the majority of users abandon them quickly and after minimal use. One of the most critical factors for the success of a health app is how to support users’ commitment to their health. Despite increased interest from researchers in mobile health, few studies have examined the measurement of user engagement with health apps.

Objective:

User engagement is a multidimensional, complex phenomenon. The aim of this study was to understand the concept of user engagement and, in particular, to demonstrate the applicability of a user engagement scale (UES) to mobile health apps.

Methods:

To determine the measurability of user engagement in a mobile health context, a UES was employed, which is a psychometric tool to measure user engagement with a digital system. This was adapted to Ada, developed by Ada Health, an artificial intelligence–powered personalized health guide that helps people understand their health. A principal component analysis (PCA) with varimax rotation was conducted on 30 items. In addition, sum scores as means of each subscale were calculated.

Results:

Survey data from 73 Ada users were analyzed. PCA was determined to be suitable, as verified by the sampling adequacy of Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin=0.858, a significant Bartlett test of sphericity (χ2300=1127.1; P<.001), and communalities mostly within the 0.7 range. Although 5 items had to be removed because of low factor loadings, the results of the remaining 25 items revealed 4 attributes: perceived usability, aesthetic appeal, reward, and focused attention. Ada users showed the highest engagement level with perceived usability, with a value of 294, followed by aesthetic appeal, reward, and focused attention.

Conclusions:

Although the UES was deployed in German and adapted to another digital domain, PCA yielded consistent subscales and a 4-factor structure. This indicates that user engagement with health apps can be assessed with the German version of the UES. These results can benefit related mobile health app engagement research and may be of importance to marketers and app developers.


 Citation

Please cite as:

Holdener M, Gut A, Angerer A

Applicability of the User Engagement Scale to Mobile Health: A Survey-Based Quantitative Study

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2020;8(1):e13244

DOI: 10.2196/13244

PMID: 31899454

PMCID: 6969386

Per the author's request the PDF is not available.

© The authors. All rights reserved. This is a privileged document currently under peer-review/community review (or an accepted/rejected manuscript). Authors have provided JMIR Publications with an exclusive license to publish this preprint on it's website for review and ahead-of-print citation purposes only. While the final peer-reviewed paper may be licensed under a cc-by license on publication, at this stage authors and publisher expressively prohibit redistribution of this draft paper other than for review purposes.