Currently submitted to: JMIR Research Protocols
Date Submitted: Aug 1, 2026
Open Peer Review Period: Aug 3, 2026 - Sep 28, 2026
(currently open for review)
Warning: This is an author submission that is not peer-reviewed or edited. Preprints - unless they show as "accepted" - should not be relied on to guide clinical practice or health-related behavior and should not be reported in news media as established information.
Association of Ayurveda Prakriti, Aspirin-clopidogrel resistance and gene polymorphisms in post-PCI patients: Protocol for a cross-sectional analytical study
ABSTRACT
Background:
Antiplatelet therapy is an integral part of the management of coronary artery disease (CAD). However, studies have reported drug resistance to commonly used antiplatelet drugs such as aspirin and clopidogrel, with an estimated prevalence of 24.7% and 83.3%, respectively. This individual variability in drug response is attributed to genetic polymorphisms. Previous studies have indicated a strong association between Ayurveda-based constitution (Ayurveda Prakriti) and genetic polymorphisms that govern metabolic variability in individuals. However, no studies have examined the correlation among Ayurvedic Prakriti, antiplatelet drug resistance, and underlying genetic polymorphisms.
Objective:
This study aims to investigate the association between Ayurveda Prakriti, genetic polymorphisms, and drug resistance in post-PCI CAD patients.
Methods:
This cross-sectional analytical study will be conducted in CAD patients, 1 month to 1 year post-PCI. The study will include 158 participants receiving either aspirin (up to 150 mg daily), or clopidogrel (up to 150 mg daily), or a combination of both. The Ayurveda Prakriti types will be assessed by an Ayurveda physician using a standardized Prakriti questionnaire. Drug resistance will be assessed using thromboelastographic platelet mapping. Gene polymorphisms will be analyzed using targeted Next-Generation Sequencing. Quantitative analysis of aspirin, clopidogrel, and their respective metabolites will also be conducted using pharmacokinetic profiling.
Results:
The screening and participant recruitment had not commenced as of August 2026. The study is scheduled to begin in September 2026 and is expected to be completed within 3 years.
Conclusions:
The study will explore the association between Ayurveda Prakriti, antiplatelet drug resistance, and genetic polymorphisms in patients with post-PCI CAD. A Prakriti-based evaluation may offer a personalized Ayurvedic treatment approach to understand interpersonal variability in drug response and develop an integrated framework for precision medicine. Clinical Trial: Clinical Trial Registry-India (REF/2026/06/134780)
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