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Accepted for/Published in: JMIR Diabetes

Date Submitted: May 28, 2026
Date Accepted: Aug 20, 2026

The final, peer-reviewed published version of this preprint can be found here:

Toward Robust AI-Assisted Dietary Assessment for Diabetes Self-Management: Quantifying and Decomposing Large Language Model Prediction Variability From Meal Images

Wang Z, Lane D, Waki K

Toward Robust AI-Assisted Dietary Assessment for Diabetes Self-Management: Quantifying and Decomposing Large Language Model Prediction Variability From Meal Images

JMIR Diabetes 2026;11:e102715

DOI: 10.2196/102715

PMID: 42696510

Toward Robust AI-Assisted Dietary Assessment for Diabetes Self-Management: Quantifying and Decomposing Large Language Model Prediction Variability from Meal Images

  • Zhaohua Wang; 
  • Daniel Lane; 
  • Kayo Waki

ABSTRACT

Nutrient estimation from meal images by multimodal large language models can support diabetes self-management, but its robustness is limited by variability driven by both sensitivity to visual presentation and inherent model instability. Accounting for and mitigating this variability is essential for robust AI-assisted dietary assessment.


 Citation

Please cite as:

Wang Z, Lane D, Waki K

Toward Robust AI-Assisted Dietary Assessment for Diabetes Self-Management: Quantifying and Decomposing Large Language Model Prediction Variability From Meal Images

JMIR Diabetes 2026;11:e102715

DOI: 10.2196/102715

PMID: 42696510

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