Please cite as:

Xie H, Lin W, Zheng Y, Lin M, Fang X, Ma S, Xue FS, Zheng X, Wang D, Gao F

Haptic Virtual Reality Training for Combined Spinal-Epidural Anesthesia in Anesthesiology Trainees: Prospective Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial

JMIR Serious Games 2026;14:e92207

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The final, peer-reviewed published version of this preprint can be found here:

Xie H, Lin W, Zheng Y, Lin M, Fang X, Ma S, Xue FS, Zheng X, Wang D, Gao F

Haptic Virtual Reality Training for Combined Spinal-Epidural Anesthesia in Anesthesiology Trainees: Prospective Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial

JMIR Serious Games 2026;14:e92207

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