Accepted for/Published in: JMIR Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies
Date Submitted: Nov 20, 2025
Date Accepted: Aug 20, 2026
Development and Content Validation of User Satisfaction Questionnaire for Assistive, Rehabilitation and Training Technologies (U-ART-Q)
ABSTRACT
Background:
According to human-centered design principles, user experience and user satisfaction are key aspects when developing or providing patients and clients with assistive, rehabilitation or training technologies. Existing tools for assessing user experience and satisfaction are often either too narrow (developed for specific technologies) or too broad, failing to capture all relevant aspects of the technology being evaluated.
Objective:
The main objective of this study was to develop a questionnaire that can be used by researchers and developers in assessing satisfaction of direct end-users with assistive, rehabilitation and training technology.
Methods:
After conducting a literature review, we constructed 72 items and divided them into seven domains. Expert consultation was conducted, as well as language validation for clarity, accuracy and readability. In the next phase, eight experts in the field participated in content validation.
Results:
We developed final version of questionnaire consisting of 10 initial questions and 52 questions covering seven domains: Design, Comfort, Effectiveness and Usefulness, Service, Treatment or Exercise, Overall Impressions, and Safety.
Conclusions:
The developed questionnaire provides a validated, standardized tool for assessing user satisfaction with assistive, rehabilitation, and training technologies. It supports researchers, clinicians, and developers in integrating user feedback to improve design, usability, and implementation. Its use can enhance technology adoption, inform evidence-based decisions, and guide continuous product improvement across the technology life cycle.
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Copyright
© The authors. All rights reserved. This is a privileged document currently under peer-review/community review (or an accepted/rejected manuscript). Authors have provided JMIR Publications with an exclusive license to publish this preprint on it's website for review and ahead-of-print citation purposes only. While the final peer-reviewed paper may be licensed under a cc-by license on publication, at this stage authors and publisher expressively prohibit redistribution of this draft paper other than for review purposes.