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Accepted for/Published in: Journal of Medical Internet Research

Date Submitted: Sep 18, 2025
Date Accepted: Dec 18, 2025

The final, peer-reviewed published version of this preprint can be found here:

Immersive Technologies for Cognitive Rehabilitation in Dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment: Systematic Review

Konecny J, Lanza G, Buono S, Ferri R, Luca A, Martinek R, Musso S, Palmigiano A, Prauzkova B, Quercia A, Rundo F, Subramanian RA, Serretti A, Prauzek M

Immersive Technologies for Cognitive Rehabilitation in Dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment: Systematic Review

J Med Internet Res 2026;28:e84349

DOI: 10.2196/84349

Immersive Technologies for Cognitive Rehabilitation in Dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review

  • Jaromir Konecny; 
  • Giuseppe Lanza; 
  • Serafino Buono; 
  • Raffaele Ferri; 
  • Antonina Luca; 
  • Radek Martinek; 
  • Sabrina Musso; 
  • Aurora Palmigiano; 
  • Barbora Prauzkova; 
  • Angelica Quercia; 
  • Francesco Rundo; 
  • Ramachandran Avala Subramanian; 
  • Alessandro Serretti; 
  • Michal Prauzek

ABSTRACT

Background:

Cognitive rehabilitation is essential in the management of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. Immersive technologies such as virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and Cave Automatic Virtual Environment (CAVE) systems have gained attention as novel tools to enhance rehabilitation

Objective:

This systematic review synthesizes current evidence on the usability, cognitive benefits, and implementation challenges of immersive technologies for cognitive rehabilitation in MCI and dementia.

Methods:

A systematic search of Scopus and Web of Science was conducted (January 2020 – May 2025). Eligible studies included VR, AR, or CAVE interventions for individuals with MCI, dementia, stroke, or traumatic brain injury. Outcomes assessed included usability, acceptability, cognitive performance, and rehabilitative effectiveness.

Results:

Thirty-one studies met the inclusion criteria. Immersive VR interventions improved memory, attention, and executive function in MCI and dementia patients, while AR tools enhanced daily living support. CAVE systems provided spatial navigation and full-body engagement. Barriers included cybersickness, device limitations, high costs, and caregiver burden.

Conclusions:

Immersive technologies offer promising, engaging tools for cognitive rehabilitation. Standardization of protocols and outcome measures is required to strengthen evidence and facilitate clinical translation. Clinical Trial: Not applicable (systematic review).


 Citation

Please cite as:

Konecny J, Lanza G, Buono S, Ferri R, Luca A, Martinek R, Musso S, Palmigiano A, Prauzkova B, Quercia A, Rundo F, Subramanian RA, Serretti A, Prauzek M

Immersive Technologies for Cognitive Rehabilitation in Dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment: Systematic Review

J Med Internet Res 2026;28:e84349

DOI: 10.2196/84349

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