JMIR Publications

ABSTRACT

There is growing interest in understanding how generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) can support patients and caregivers in making informed healthcare decisions, known as patient-centered clinical decision support (PC CDS). In this viewpoint, we present example applications for GenAI-supported PC CDS for patients/caregivers, clinicians, and patient-clinician interactions. We examine the benefits and limitations of GenAI-supported PC CDS and highlight six critical needs that must be addressed to fully realize GenAI's potential in PC CDS: (1) engage and ensure representation of patients/caregivers in design and development; (2) build the science of effective PC CDS implementation to support patient engagement; (3) develop risk-based policies for when to use GenAI; (4) establish independent testing and vetting criteria; (5) periodically verify algorithm performance; and (6) establish policies to promote transparency and patient consent in the use of GenAI. Understanding the applications and their potential implications for healthcare quality is essential to further the beneficial, ethical, and safe development of GenAI-supported PC CDS.