JMIR Publications

ABSTRACT

Background and Objectives: Self-rated health (SRH) is a strong predictor of morbidity, functional ability, and mortality in older adults. As Internet use becomes increasingly integrated into later life, its potential impact on SRH warrants systematic investigation. This scoping review examined the association between Internet use and SRH, identified research gaps, and explored factors—such as mediators and moderators—that may influence this relationship. Design: Following PRISMA guidelines, a scoping review was conducted using five databases: PubMed, CINAHL, AgeLine, PsycINFO, and Web of Science. Findings: Most studies (24 out of 27) reported a significant positive association between Internet use and SRH among older adults. Socially oriented Internet use—including communication and participation—was especially beneficial. Several studies identified social factors that may mediate this relationship, including increased social support, greater participation, and reduced loneliness. The findings also revealed heterogeneity in the association across subgroups, with differences by age, gender, residence, and marital status. Most studies used cross-sectional designs and lacked theoretical frameworks. All were conducted in high-income countries.

Conclusions:

Internet use may improve older adults’ SRH, primarily through social pathways. Future research should adopt theory-driven, longitudinal approaches and include diverse populations, especially in low- and middle-income contexts.