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Morita K, Miura K, Toyomaki A, Makinodan M, Ohi K, Hashimoto N, Yasuda Y, Mitsudo T, Higuchi F, Numata S, Yamada A, Aoki Y, Honda H, Mizui R, Honda M, Fujikane D, Matsumoto J, Hasegawa N, Ito S, Akiyama H, Onitsuka T, Satomura Y, Kasai K, Hashimoto R
Tablet-Based Cognitive and Eye Movement Measures as Accessible Tools for Schizophrenia Assessment: Multisite Usability Study
Tablet-Based Cognitive and Eye Movement Measures as Accessible Tools in Schizophrenia Assessment: A Multi-Site Case-Control Study
Kentaro Morita;
Kenichiro Miura;
Atsuhito Toyomaki;
Manabu Makinodan;
Kazutaka Ohi;
Naoki Hashimoto;
Yuka Yasuda;
Takako Mitsudo;
Fumihiro Higuchi;
Shusuke Numata;
Akiko Yamada;
Yohei Aoki;
Hiromitsu Honda;
Ryo Mizui;
Masato Honda;
Daisuke Fujikane;
Junya Matsumoto;
Naomi Hasegawa;
Satsuki Ito;
Hisashi Akiyama;
Toshiaki Onitsuka;
Yoshihiro Satomura;
Kiyoto Kasai;
Ryota Hashimoto
ABSTRACT
Background:
Schizophrenia is a complex mental disorder characterized by significant cognitive and neurobiological alterations. Impairments in cognitive function and eye movement have been known to be promising biomarkers for schizophrenia. However, conventional measurement methods require specialized expertise. To date, data on simplified measurement tools for assessing both cognitive function and eye movement in patients with schizophrenia is lacking.
Objective:
This study aimed to assess the efficacy of a novel tablet-based platform combining cognitive and eye movement measures in classifying schizophrenia.
Methods:
Forty-four patients with schizophrenia, 67 healthy controls, and 41 patients with other psychiatric diagnoses participated from 10 sites across Japan. A free viewing eye movement task and two cognitive assessment tools (the Codebreaker task from the THINC-integrated tool and the CognitiveFunctionTest application) were conducted using a 12.9-inch iPad Pro. We performed comparative group and logistic regression analyses for evaluating the diagnostic efficacy of the three measures of interest.
Results:
Cognitive and eye movement measures differed significantly between the patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls (all three measures, P <.001). The Codebreaker task showed the highest classification effectiveness in distinguishing schizophrenia with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.90. Combining cognitive and eye movement measures further improved accuracy with a maximum area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.94. Cognitive measures were more effective in differentiating patients with schizophrenia from healthy controls, whereas eye movement measures better differentiated schizophrenia from other psychiatric conditions.
Conclusions:
This multi-site study demonstrated the feasibility and effectiveness of a tablet-based application in assessing cognitive functioning and eye movement in patients with schizophrenia. The results suggest the potential of tablet-based assessments of cognitive function and eye movement as simple and accessible evaluation tools, which may also lead to future clinical implementation.
Citation
Please cite as:
Morita K, Miura K, Toyomaki A, Makinodan M, Ohi K, Hashimoto N, Yasuda Y, Mitsudo T, Higuchi F, Numata S, Yamada A, Aoki Y, Honda H, Mizui R, Honda M, Fujikane D, Matsumoto J, Hasegawa N, Ito S, Akiyama H, Onitsuka T, Satomura Y, Kasai K, Hashimoto R
Tablet-Based Cognitive and Eye Movement Measures as Accessible Tools for Schizophrenia Assessment: Multisite Usability Study