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Accepted for/Published in: JMIR Research Protocols

Date Submitted: Nov 7, 2023
Open Peer Review Period: Nov 6, 2023 - Nov 21, 2023
Date Accepted: Jan 16, 2024
Date Submitted to PubMed: Jan 17, 2024
(closed for review but you can still tweet)

The final, peer-reviewed published version of this preprint can be found here:

Implementation of Chatbot Technology in Health Care: Protocol for a Bibliometric Analysis

Ni Z, Peng ML, Balakrishnan V, Tee V, Azwa I, Saifi R, Nelson L, Vlahov D, Altice F

Implementation of Chatbot Technology in Health Care: Protocol for a Bibliometric Analysis

JMIR Res Protoc 2024;13:e54349

DOI: 10.2196/54349

PMID: 38228575

PMCID: 10905346

A bibliometric analysis of chatbot technology in healthcare: study protocol

  • Zhao Ni; 
  • Mary L. Peng; 
  • Vimala Balakrishnan; 
  • Vincent Tee; 
  • Iskandar Azwa; 
  • Rumana Saifi; 
  • LaRon Nelson; 
  • David Vlahov; 
  • Frederick Altice

ABSTRACT

Background:

Chatbots have the potential to increase people’s access to quality healthcare. However, the implementation of chatbot technology in healthcare system is unclear due to the scarce analysis of publications on the adoption of chatbot in health and medical settings.

Objective:

This paper presents a protocol of a bibliometric analysis aimed at providing a comprehensive overview of the current research on health-related chatbots.

Methods:

In this bibliometric analysis, we will select published papers from the databases of CINAHL, IEEE Xplorer, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science that pertain to chatbot technology and its applications in healthcare. Our search strategy includes keywords such as “chatbot”, “virtual agent”, “virtual assistant”, “conversational agent”, “conversational AI”, “interactive agent”, “health”, and “healthcare”. Five researchers who are AI engineers and clinicians will independently review the titles and abstracts of selected papers to determine their eligibility for a full-text review. The corresponding author (ZN) will serve as a mediator to address any discrepancies and disputes among the five reviewers. Our analysis will encompass various publication patterns of chatbot research, including the number of annual publications, their geographic or institutional distribution, and the number of annual grants supporting chatbot research, and further summarize the methodologies employed in the development of health-related chatbots, along with their features and applications in healthcare settings. Software tool VOSViewer (Version 1.6.19, Leiden University, The Netherlands) will be used to construct and visualize bibliometric networks.

Results:

The preparation for the bibliometric analysis began on December 03, 2021, when the research team started the process of familiarizing themselves with the software tools that may be used in this analysis, VOSViewer and CiteSpace, during which they consulted three librarians at Yale University regarding search terms and tentative results. Tentative searches on the aforementioned databases yielded a total of 3,148 articles. The official search phase started on July 27, 2023. Our goal is to complete the screening of articles and the analysis by December 30, 2023.

Conclusions:

This bibliometric analysis aims to offer the public insights into the current state and emerging trends in research related to the utilization of chatbot technology for promoting health. It seeks to fill the knowledge gap in the existing literature on health-related chatbots, entailing their applications, the software employed in their development, and their preferred functionalities among users. Clinical Trial: N/A


 Citation

Please cite as:

Ni Z, Peng ML, Balakrishnan V, Tee V, Azwa I, Saifi R, Nelson L, Vlahov D, Altice F

Implementation of Chatbot Technology in Health Care: Protocol for a Bibliometric Analysis

JMIR Res Protoc 2024;13:e54349

DOI: 10.2196/54349

PMID: 38228575

PMCID: 10905346

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