Accepted for/Published in: JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting
Date Submitted: Mar 7, 2023
Date Accepted: Jul 13, 2023
Engagement with THR1VE: A Positive Psychology mHealth Intervention to Treat Diabetes Distress in Teens with Type 1 Diabetes
ABSTRACT
Background:
Positive psychology interventions demonstrate improvements in diabetes self-management and quality of life among adults with chronic health conditions, but few interventions in adolescents employ this approach.
Objective:
The current study describes engagement with a positive psychology intervention delivered via automated text-messaging aimed at treating diabetes distress and improving diabetes outcomes. In addition, demographic and clinical predictors of intervention engagement were examined.
Methods:
Adolescents with type 1 diabetes (ages 13-17) who reported at least moderate diabetes distress were randomized to receive either the Education (EDU) or Positive Affect + Education (PA+EDU) intervention, comprised of 8 weeks of automated text messages. Engagement was assessed as response to text messages. Adolescents completed satisfaction surveys at 3 months post intervention, and a subset of participants from both conditions completed exit interviews.
Results:
Adolescents in both groups reported high levels of satisfaction with the study, with 96% reporting that they would participate again. Engagement with text messages was high: adolescents in the PA+EDU group responded to 92.5% of intervention messages, and their caregivers responded to 88.5% of messages. There were no significant differences in rates of engagement related to adolescents’ sex, age, device use, or race/ethnicity.
Conclusions:
A positive psychology intervention for adolescents delivered via automated text messages was feasible and acceptable across genders, ages, and racial/ethnic groups, suggesting potential for wider dissemination. Clinical Trial: NCT03845465
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