Accepted for/Published in: JMIR Mental Health
Date Submitted: Jan 17, 2023
Open Peer Review Period: Jan 5, 2023 - Mar 2, 2023
Date Accepted: Apr 11, 2023
(closed for review but you can still tweet)
Warning: This is an author submission that is not peer-reviewed or edited. Preprints - unless they show as "accepted" - should not be relied on to guide clinical practice or health-related behavior and should not be reported in news media as established information.
Daily digital screening scales of depression and insomnia: A validation study for modified Patient Health Querstionnaire-2 and Insomnia Severity Index-2
ABSTRACT
Background:
Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI-2) are screening assessments that reflect the past two weeks of experience for depression and insomnia respectively. Retrospective assessment has been associated with reduced accuracy due to recall bias.
Objective:
This study aimed to increase the reliability of the responses by validating the use of PHQ-2 and ISI-2 for daily screening.
Methods:
A total of 167 psychiatric outpatients at the Yongin Severance Hospital (63 males and 104 females), with a mean age of 35.1 years participated in this study. Participants used a mobile application (‘Mental Protector’) for a period of 4 weeks and rated their depressive and insomnia symptoms daily on the modified PHQ-2 and ISI-2 scales. The validation assessments were conducted in two blocks, each with a fortnight response from the participants. The modified version of the PHQ-2 was evaluated against the conventional scales of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and the Korean version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-Revised.
Results:
According to the sensitivity and specificity analyses, an average score of 3.29 on the modified PHQ-2 was considered valid for screening for depressive symptoms. Likewise, the ISI-2 was evaluated with Insomnia Severity Index, and a mean score of 3.50 was determined as a valid threshold for insomnia symptoms when rated daily.
Conclusions:
This study is one of the first to propose a daily digital screening measure for depression and insomnia delivered through a mobile application. The modified PHQ-2 and ISI-2 were strong candidates for daily screening for depression and insomnia, respectively.
Citation
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Copyright
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