JMIR Publications

ABSTRACT

Background:

Personal health records (PHRs) are consumer-centric tools designed to facilitate the tracking, management, and sharing of personal health information. PHR research has mainly been done in developed countries compared to developing countries. Moreover, previous studies that proposed PHR design in developing countries did not describe integration with other systems or there is no stakeholder involvement in exploring PHR requirements.

Objective:

This research develops an integrated PHR architecture and a PHR prototype in Indonesia using design science research (DSR). We conducted the research in Indonesia, which represents a developing country with the largest population in Southeast Asia and a tiered health system.

Methods:

This study follows the DSR guidelines defined by Hevner et al (2004). The requirements were identified using interviews with 37 respondents from health organizations and a questionnaire with 1,012 patients. Afterward, the proposed architecture and prototype were evaluated by interviews with 6 IT or e-health experts.

Results:

The architecture design refers to TOGAF version 9.2 and consists of five components: architecture vision, business architecture, application architecture, data architecture, and technology architecture. The application prototype developed is a high-fidelity prototype for patients and physicians. In the evaluation, improvements were made to add the stakeholders and the required functionality in PHR and add the necessary information to the functions that have been developed in the prototype.

Conclusions:

We use design science to illustrate PHR integration in Indonesia which involve related stakeholders in requirements gathering and evaluation. We develop architecture and application prototypes based on health systems in Indonesia, which consist of routine health services including disease treatment and health examination, as well as promotive and preventive health efforts.