Weekly community-based dance training over eight months reduces depression and BOLD signals in subcallosal cingulate gyrus (SCG) for people with Parkinson’s Disease: An observational study.
ABSTRACT
Background:
Background:
Dance has emerged as a complementary treatment that supports adaptive neuroplasticity while diminishing signs and symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease (PD).
Objective:
Objectives: Although dance has been shown to improve motor and non-motor symptoms of PD, the neural mechanisms underlying these changes and more specifically in depression and mood remain elusive. We conducted an 8-month observational study tracking the relationship between depression scores and functional neuroimaging measures for people with PD.
Methods:
Methods:
For Behavioural Phase: 34 dancers, 23 people with PD, completed the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) before and after community-based dance classes. For Neuroimaging Phase: 7 people with PD were scanned in the MR from two to four time points from September, December, January and April. While in the MR they imagined dancing their specific dance they learned in the studio weekly to 1-minute of music five times during the 8-minute scan.
Results:
Results:
Depression scores on the GDS decreased in each PRE to POST comparison (P<0.025). In addition, GDS scores also improved over the dance period (P<0.01). BOLD signals from frontal cortex brain region implicated for emotional regulation (subcallosal cingulate gyrus; SCG) decreased at each testing time point (P<0.05). Also, a significant decrease in depression scores correlated with reduced BOLD signal from SCG (P=0.021), a node in the neural network of depression and a controversial target for deep brain stimulation (DBS) in the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD).
Conclusions:
Conclusions:
This study contributes to an improved understanding of neural mechanisms involved in depression, and the contribution of longitudinal dance interventions to reducing nonmotor symptoms associated with PD.
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