Accepted for/Published in: Journal of Medical Internet Research
Date Submitted: Aug 8, 2022
Date Accepted: Dec 19, 2022
Factors that influence the use of eHealth in homecare: a scoping review and online, cross-sectional survey
ABSTRACT
Background:
In homecare, eHealth implementation requires healthcare professionals and homecare clients to change their behavior as they have to incorporate the use of eHealth into their daily routines. Knowledge of factors that influence the use of eHealth in homecare is needed to optimize implementation strategies. However, a comprehensive overview of such factors is lacking.
Objective:
The aims of this study were to: 1) provide insight into the types of eHealth that are used and preferred in homecare; and 2) identify factors that influence the use of eHealth in homecare according to healthcare professionals and homecare clients.
Methods:
A scoping review and online, cross-sectional survey were conducted sequentially. The survey was conducted among Dutch healthcare professionals with a nursing background who were working for a homecare organization at the time. The COM-B model, which posits that for any behavior (B) to occur, a person must have the capability (C), opportunity (O) and motivation (M) to perform the behavior, was used to identify influencing factors. The use of a theoretical model may contribute to a better understanding of how to achieve and sustain behavior change in clinical practice.
Results:
Thirty studies were included in the scoping review. The most frequently studied type of eHealth was a telecommunication/–monitoring system. The survey was completed by 102 participants. The most frequently used types of eHealth are electronic health records, social alarms and online client portals. A health app is the most frequently preferred type of eHealth. Twenty-two factors that influence the use of eHealth in homecare according to healthcare professionals and homecare clients were identified. Influencing factors were categorized into the components of the COM-B model, namely capability (n=6), opportunity (n=10) and motivation (n=6). We found that there is no single influencing factor that is key to the complexity of eHealth implementation.
Conclusions:
There is still much to be gained in terms of eHealth implementation. Influencing factors should be targeted when developing behavioral interventions and organizational policies and are of interest to anyone who seeks to enhance the use of eHealth in homecare. Clinical Trial: Not applicable.eHealth; mHealth; telehealth; telemedicine; telecare; implementation; influencing factors; homecare
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