Accepted for/Published in: JMIR Formative Research
Date Submitted: Jun 7, 2022
Open Peer Review Period: Jun 7, 2022 - Aug 2, 2022
Date Accepted: Nov 1, 2022
(closed for review but you can still tweet)
End User Participation in the Development of an Ecological Momentary Intervention to Improve Coping with Cannabis Cravings: Formative Study
ABSTRACT
Cannabis misuse in young adults is a major public health concern. An important predictor of continued use is cannabis craving. Due to the time-varying nature of craving, brief momentary interventions delivered while cravings are elevated may improve use of strategies to cope with cravings and reduce cannabis use. The goal of this manuscript is to describe a formative study to develop coping strategy messages for use in a subsequent intervention. Young adults (19 – 25 years; n=20) who reported using cannabis >10 of the past 30 days recruited via social media participated in this formative study. Participants rated an initial set of 15 mindfulness and 15 distraction coping strategies on a scale from 1 – 4 (very low degree to very high degree) for clarity, usefulness, and tone. They also provided comments about content. Participants found the initial distraction messages slightly clearer than mindfulness (m=3.5, SD=0.4; m=3.4, SD=0.4), both were comparable in tone (m=3.2, SD=0.5; m=3.2, SD=0.4), and mindfulness messages were more useful than distraction (m=3.0, SD=0.5; m=2.8, SD=0.6). Of the 30 messages, 29 received a rating of very low or low (<2) on any domain by >3 participants or received a comment suggesting a change. We revised all these messages based on this feedback, and participants rated the revised messages approximately two weeks later. Participants earned $10 for completing the first and $20 for the second survey. Ratings improved on usefulness (especially the distraction items) with very little change on clarity and tone. The top ten messages of each coping type (mindfulness and distraction) were identified by overall average rating (collapsed across all three dimensions: all rated >3.0). The final items were comparable in clarity (distraction m = 3.6, SD = 0.4; mindfulness m = 3.6, SD = 0.4 respectively), tone (m = 3.4, SD = 0.4; m = 3.4, SD = 0.4), and usefulness (m = 3.1, SD = 0.5; m = 3.2, SD = 0.5). These messages were subsequently used in an ecological momentary intervention.
Citation
Request queued. Please wait while the file is being generated. It may take some time.
Copyright
© The authors. All rights reserved. This is a privileged document currently under peer-review/community review (or an accepted/rejected manuscript). Authors have provided JMIR Publications with an exclusive license to publish this preprint on it's website for review and ahead-of-print citation purposes only. While the final peer-reviewed paper may be licensed under a cc-by license on publication, at this stage authors and publisher expressively prohibit redistribution of this draft paper other than for review purposes.