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Accepted for/Published in: JMIR Bioinformatics and Biotechnology

Date Submitted: Apr 24, 2022
Date Accepted: Aug 15, 2022

The final, peer-reviewed published version of this preprint can be found here:

Seasonality of Hashimoto Thyroiditis: Infodemiology Study of Google Trends Data

Marcec R, Stjepanovic J, Likic R

Seasonality of Hashimoto Thyroiditis: Infodemiology Study of Google Trends Data

JMIR Bioinform Biotech 2022;3(1):e38976

DOI: 10.2196/38976

PMCID: 11135219

Seasonality of Hashimoto's thyroiditis: an infodemiology study of Google Trends data

  • Robert Marcec; 
  • Josip Stjepanovic; 
  • Robert Likic

ABSTRACT

Background:

Hashimoto's thyroiditis is an autoimmune thyroid disease and the leading cause of hypothyroidism in areas with sufficient iodine intake.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to investigate potential seasonality of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis using Google Trends data.

Methods:

Monthly Google Trends data on the search topic “Hashimoto’s thyroiditis” has been retrieved in a 17-year timeframe from January 2004 till December 2020 for 36 European countries. A cosinor model analysis was conducted to evaluate potential seasonality. Simple linear regression was used to estimate the potential effect of latitude and longitude on seasonal amplitude and phase of the model outputs.

Results:

Out of 36 included European countries, significant seasonality was observed in 83% (n=30/36) of countries. Most phase peaks occurred in spring (46.7%, n=14/30) and then winter (26.7%, n=8/30). A statistically significant effect has been observed regarding the effect of geographical latitude on cosinor model amplitude, y = -3.23 + 0.13x (R2=0.29, p=0.002).

Conclusions:

Significant seasonality of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis Google Trends search volume has been observed in our study, with seasonal peeks in most countries occurring in Spring and Winter, with a significant impact of latitude on seasonality amplitude. Further studies on the topic of seasonality in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and factors impacting it are required. Clinical Trial: Not applicable.


 Citation

Please cite as:

Marcec R, Stjepanovic J, Likic R

Seasonality of Hashimoto Thyroiditis: Infodemiology Study of Google Trends Data

JMIR Bioinform Biotech 2022;3(1):e38976

DOI: 10.2196/38976

PMCID: 11135219

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