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Accepted for/Published in: JMIR Research Protocols

Date Submitted: Jan 20, 2022
Open Peer Review Period: Jan 19, 2022 - Mar 16, 2022
Date Accepted: Jun 8, 2022
(closed for review but you can still tweet)

The final, peer-reviewed published version of this preprint can be found here:

Investigating Microtemporal Processes Underlying Health Behavior Adoption and Maintenance: Protocol for an Intensive Longitudinal Observational Study

Wang SD, Intille SS, Ponnada A, Do B, Rothman AJ, Dunton GF

Investigating Microtemporal Processes Underlying Health Behavior Adoption and Maintenance: Protocol for an Intensive Longitudinal Observational Study

JMIR Res Protoc 2022;11(7):e36666

DOI: 10.2196/36666

PMID: 35834296

PMCID: 9335174

Investigating Microtemporal Processes Underlying Health Behavior Adoption and Maintenance: Protocol for an Intensive Longitudinal Observational Study

  • Shirlene D Wang; 
  • Stephen S Intille; 
  • Aditya Ponnada; 
  • Bridgette Do; 
  • Alexander J Rothman; 
  • Genevieve F Dunton

ABSTRACT

Background:

Young adulthood (ages 18-29 years) is marked by substantial weight gain, leading to increased lifetime risks of chronic diseases. Engaging in sufficient levels of physical activity and sleep, and limiting sedentary time are important contributors to the prevention of weight gain. Dual-process models of decision-making and behavior that delineate reflective (i.e., deliberative, slow) and reactive (i.e., automatic, fast) processes shed light on different mechanisms underlying adoption versus maintenance of these energy-balance behaviors. However, reflective and reactive processes may unfold at different timescales and vary across people.

Objective:

This paper describes the study design, recruitment, and data collection procedures for the Temporal Influences on Movement and Exercise (TIME) study, a 12-month intensive longitudinal data collection study to examine real-time micro-temporal influences underlying adoption and maintenance of physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep.

Methods:

Intermittent ecological momentary assessment (e.g., intentions, self-control) and continuous, sensor-based passive monitoring (e.g., location, phone/app use, activity levels) occur using smartwatches and smartphones. Data analyses will combine idiographic (person-specific, data-driven) and nomothetic (generalizable, theory-driven) approaches to build models that may predict within-subject variation in the likelihood of behavior “episodes” (e.g., ≥10 min of physical activity, ≥120 min sedentary time, ≥7 h sleep) and “lapses” (i.e., not attaining recommended levels for ≥7 days) as a function of reflective and reactive factors.

Results:

The study recruited young adults nationally (N=246). Rolling recruitment began in March 2020 and ended August 2021. Data collection will continue until August 2022.

Conclusions:

Results from the TIME study will be used to build more predictive health behavior theories and inform personalized behavior interventions to reduce obesity and improve public health.  


 Citation

Please cite as:

Wang SD, Intille SS, Ponnada A, Do B, Rothman AJ, Dunton GF

Investigating Microtemporal Processes Underlying Health Behavior Adoption and Maintenance: Protocol for an Intensive Longitudinal Observational Study

JMIR Res Protoc 2022;11(7):e36666

DOI: 10.2196/36666

PMID: 35834296

PMCID: 9335174

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