Accepted for/Published in: JMIR Dermatology
Date Submitted: Nov 7, 2021
Open Peer Review Period: Nov 7, 2021 - Jan 2, 2022
Date Accepted: Jan 23, 2022
Date Submitted to PubMed: Aug 26, 2023
(closed for review but you can still tweet)
Vitiligo and Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
ABSTRACT
Background:
Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) has been associated with various skin diseases including vitiligo. However, the association between these two conditions is yet to be determined by quantitative meta-analysis.
Objective:
To determine the association, if any, between vitiligo and metabolic syndrome via meta-analysis.
Methods:
A systematic review was performed for published literature prior to August 16, 2020. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the prevalence and association of MetS in patients with vitiligo.
Results:
Six studies were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of MetS in patients with vitiligo was (0.296 [95% CI: 0.206, 0.386]; P<.001). Patients with vitiligo were not more likely to develop MetS compared to control patients (OR=1.66 [95% CI: 0.83, 3.33]; P=.005). A leave-one-out sensitivity analysis showed a significant association between MetS and vitiligo (P<.001). Significant elevations in fasting glycemic index (MD=5.35 [95% CI: 2.77, 7.93]; P<.001) and diastolic blood pressure (MD=1.97 [95% CI: 0.02, 3.92]; P=.05) were observed in patients with vitiligo compared to control patients.
Conclusions:
There does not appear to be a significant association between MetS and vitiligo. However, vitiligo patients had higher mean levels of fasting glycemic index and low density lipoprotein when compared to control patients. Further research is required to elucidate the extent of cardiometabolic derangements in vitiligo patients.
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