Accepted for/Published in: JMIR Public Health and Surveillance
Date Submitted: Aug 18, 2021
Open Peer Review Period: Aug 11, 2021 - Aug 25, 2021
Date Accepted: Oct 5, 2021
Date Submitted to PubMed: Nov 4, 2021
(closed for review but you can still tweet)
Risk Factors of COVID-19 Critical Outcomes in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: A Multicountry Retrospective Study .
ABSTRACT
Background:
The establishment of empirical evidence in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) necessitates the implementation of wide-scale studies to describe the demographic, clinical features, and severity profile ofCOVID-19 patients.
Objective:
Hence, this study aimed to to assess the patterns of COVID-19 severity and mortality in seven countries and to determine the risk factors of COVID-19 severity and mortality.
Methods:
This multi-country study was based on a retrospective review of medical records of hospitalized patients confirmed to have COVID-19. This study included data from Iraq, Pakistan, Sudan, Somalia, Morocco, Egypt, and Yemen. All demographic and clinical data were extracted from hospital records (paper files) by trained data collectors.
Results:
A total of 4141 patients were included in this study from seven countries. Comorbidities were reported by nearly half of the patients, with hypertension (HT)(24.7%)and diabetes (22.7%) being the most common. Older age, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and heart diseases were significantly associated with COVID-19 severity and mortality. Ever smoking and renal diseases were significantly associated with severity but not mortality, while male gender, respiratory diseases, and malignancy were significantly associated with mortality but not severity.
Conclusions:
The study confirmed the role of comorbidities and demographic features on the severity and mortality of COVID-19. Understanding the contributing factors ensures attentive care and informs clinical management of patients with poorer prognosis in early stages of
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