Accepted for/Published in: JMIR Serious Games
Date Submitted: May 17, 2021
Open Peer Review Period: May 15, 2021 - Jul 10, 2021
Date Accepted: Dec 3, 2021
(closed for review but you can still tweet)
Warning: This is an author submission that is not peer-reviewed or edited. Preprints - unless they show as "accepted" - should not be relied on to guide clinical practice or health-related behavior and should not be reported in news media as established information.
Virtual Reality Simulation Training for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation after Cardiac Surgery: Face and Content Validity
ABSTRACT
Background:
Cardiac arrest after cardiac surgery commonly has a reversible cause, where often emergency re-sternotomy is required for treatment, as recommended by international guidelines. We have developed a virtual reality (VR) simulation for training of CPR and emergency re-sternotomy procedures after cardiac surgery, the CardioPulmonary resuscitation VR-simulator (CPVR-sim). In this prospective study, we researched face validity and content validity of this CPVR-sim.
Objective:
We designed a prospective study to assess the feasibility and to establish the face and content validity of CPVR-sim in a group of novices and experts in performing CPR and emergency re-sternotomies in patients after cardiac surgery.
Methods:
Thirty clinicians (staff cardiothoracic surgeons, physicians, surgical residents, and nurse practitioners) participated as either an expert or novice, based on experience with emergency re-sternotomy. All performed the simulation and completed the questionnaire rating the simulator’s usefulness, satisfaction, ease of use, effectiveness, and immersiveness to assess face validity and content validity.
Results:
Responses towards face validity and content validity were predominantly positive in both groups. Most participants felt actively involved (97%), in charge of the situation (73%), it was easy to learn how to interact with the software (80%), and the software responded well (70%). Almost all expert-participants preferred VR training as a substitute to conventional (100%) and digital (60% agreed and 40% was neutral) training. Moreover, 86% of the expert-participants would recommend VR training to other colleagues, and 93% found that CPVR-sim is a useful method to train infrequent CPR-cases after cardiac surgery.
Conclusions:
We developed a proof-of-concept of a VR simulation for CPR training after cardiac surgery, which participants found was immersive and useful. By proving the face validity and content validity of CPVR-sim, we present a first step towards a cardiothoracic surgery VR training platform.
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