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Accepted for/Published in: Journal of Medical Internet Research

Date Submitted: Apr 2, 2021
Date Accepted: Jul 12, 2021
Date Submitted to PubMed: Aug 3, 2021

The final, peer-reviewed published version of this preprint can be found here:

Health Belief Model Perspective on the Control of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and the Promotion of Vaccination in China: Web-Based Cross-sectional Study

Chen H, Li X, Liu X, Mao Y, Wang R, Dai J, Gao J, Fu H, Zheng P, Xiao Q, Jia Y

Health Belief Model Perspective on the Control of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and the Promotion of Vaccination in China: Web-Based Cross-sectional Study

J Med Internet Res 2021;23(9):e29329

DOI: 10.2196/29329

PMID: 34280115

PMCID: 8425399

Health belief model perspective on the control of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and the promotion of vaccination: a web-based cross-sectional

  • Hao Chen; 
  • Xiaomei Li; 
  • Xiaoxi Liu; 
  • Yimeng Mao; 
  • Ruru Wang; 
  • Junming Dai; 
  • Junling Gao; 
  • Hua Fu; 
  • Pinpin Zheng; 
  • Qianyi Xiao; 
  • Yingnan Jia

ABSTRACT

Background:

The control of vaccine hesitancy and the promotion of vaccination are key protective measures against COVID-19.

Objective:

This study assesses the prevalence of vaccine hesitancy and the vaccination rate and examines the association between factors of the health belief model and vaccination.

Methods:

A convenience sample of 2,531 valid participants from 31 provinces and autonomous regions of mainland China were enrolled in this online survey study from January 1st to 24th, 2021. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify the associations of the vaccination rate and health belief model factors with the prevalence of vaccine hesitancy after other covariates were controlled.

Results:

The prevalence of vaccine hesitancy was 44.3% (95% CI: 42.3%-46.2%), and the vaccination rate was 10.4% (9.2%-11.6%). The direct promoting factors of vaccination were a lack of vaccine hesitancy (OR=7.75, 95% CI: 5.03-11.93), agreement with recommendations from friends/family for vaccination (OR=3.11, 95% CI: 1.75-5.52) and agreement with the vaccination of friends/family (OR=4.88, 95% CI: 3.41-6.99). The factor associated with a lower vaccination rate was a high level of perceived barriers to COVID-19 vaccination (OR=0.51, 95% CI: 0.35-0.75). Furthermore, high perceived barriers to vaccination (OR=1.63, 95% CI: 1.36-1.95), high perceived benefits of vaccination (OR=0.51, 95% CI: 0.32-0.79), high self-efficacy for vaccination (OR=0.41, 95% CI: 0.32-0.79) and agreement with recommendations from authorities (OR=0.74, 95% CI: 0.57-0.98) were associated with vaccine hesitancy and were indirectly correlated with vaccination.

Conclusions:

It may be beneficial to increase the vaccination rate by reducing vaccine hesitancy and perceived barriers to vaccination and encouraging volunteers to advocate vaccination to their friends and family members. It is also important to reduce vaccine hesitancy by enhancing self-efficacy for vaccination and the perceived benefits of the COVID-19 vaccine.


 Citation

Please cite as:

Chen H, Li X, Liu X, Mao Y, Wang R, Dai J, Gao J, Fu H, Zheng P, Xiao Q, Jia Y

Health Belief Model Perspective on the Control of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and the Promotion of Vaccination in China: Web-Based Cross-sectional Study

J Med Internet Res 2021;23(9):e29329

DOI: 10.2196/29329

PMID: 34280115

PMCID: 8425399

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