Accepted for/Published in: JMIR mHealth and uHealth
Date Submitted: Sep 4, 2020
Date Accepted: Jan 13, 2021
Effectiveness of Mobile Health Exercise Interventions for Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
ABSTRACT
Background:
Peripheral artery disease affects over 236 million people worldwide, and exercise interventions are commonly used to alleviate symptoms of this condition. However, no previous systematic review has evaluated the effects of mobile health-(mHealth-)based exercise interventions for patients with peripheral artery disease.
Objective:
This study aimed to assess the effect of mHealth-based exercise interventions on walking performance, functional status, and quality of life in patients with peripheral artery disease.
Methods:
A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted. We searched in seven databases to identify randomized controlled trials of patients with peripheral artery disease published in English up to December 4, 2020. Studies were included if patients participated in mHealth-based exercise interventions and were assessed for walking performance. We analyzed pooled effects size on walking performance, functional status, and quality of life based on the standardized mean differences between groups.
Results:
A total of seven studies were selected for the systematic review, and six studies were included in the meta-analysis. The duration of intervention for the included studies was 12 to 48 weeks. In the pooled analysis, when compared to the control groups, the mHealth-based exercise intervention group was associated with significant improvement in pain-free walking (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.13-0.88), maximum walking (95% CI, 0.03-0.87), six-minute walking distance test (95% CI, 0.59-1.24), and walking distance (95% CI, 0.02-0.49). However, benefits for walking speed, stair-climbing ability, and quality of life were not observed.
Conclusions:
mHealth-based exercise interventions for patients with peripheral artery disease were beneficial for improving pain-free walking, maximum walking, and six-minute walking distance. We found that exercise intervention using mHealth is an important strategy for improving the exercise effectiveness and adherence rate of patients with peripheral artery disease. Future studies should consider the use of various and suitable functions of mHealth that can increase the adherence rates and improve the effectiveness of exercise.
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