Accepted for/Published in: JMIR Medical Education
Date Submitted: May 9, 2020
Date Accepted: Jul 17, 2020
Warning: This is an author submission that is not peer-reviewed or edited. Preprints - unless they show as "accepted" - should not be relied on to guide clinical practice or health-related behavior and should not be reported in news media as established information.
Medical student training in e-health: a scoping review
ABSTRACT
Background:
It is crucial that medical students get an adequate training in e-health because they will work in increasingly technology-enabled clinical environments. This trend is especially accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic as it complicates traditional face-to-face medical consultations.
Objective:
The main objective of this review is to evaluate the extent and nature of the existing literature on medical student training in e-health. More precisely, the aim is to examine what this education consists of, the barriers, enhancing factors and propositions for medical curriculum improvement.
Methods:
Searches were performed on four databases and articles were selected based on eligibility criteria. Studies had to be related to the training of medical students in e-health. Eligibility criteria mainly were: published since 2014, from a journal that was peer-reviewed, written in English or French. A grid was used for data extraction and charting.
Results:
The search resulted in 25 included articles. The most studied aspect was mobile health. e-health as a broad concept, the internet of things, artificial intelligence and coding were least covered. 52% of all studies contained an intervention; mostly regarding mobile health, electronic health records, online medical resources and coding. Findings included various barriers, enhancing factors and propositions for medical curriculum improvement.
Conclusions:
Trends have emerged regarding the suboptimal current state of e-health training and the barriers, enhancing factors and propositions for optimal training. We recommend conducting additional studies on these themes, but also on what competencies medical students should acquire as well as both learning and patient care outcomes from this training. Additional studies should be conducted on e-health and each of its aspects, but especially on the internet of things, artificial intelligence, coding and e-health as a broad concept. The importance of training in e-health is highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic as this training is critical to medical practice in increasingly technology-enabled clinical environments. Clinical Trial: None.
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