Accepted for/Published in: JMIR mHealth and uHealth
Date Submitted: Apr 6, 2020
Date Accepted: Aug 11, 2020
The Impact of Voluntary Participation in Diabetes Management via Mobile Healthcare: A Randomized, Controlled, Open-Label Study
ABSTRACT
Background:
Mobile healthcare is helpful to support patient efforts for healthy lifestyle choices, disease self-management.
Objective:
We evaluated the efficacy of mobile healthcare-based diabetes self-management education (DSME) and the impact of voluntary participation on its effects.
Methods:
This study was a randomized, controlled, open-label trial conducted for 6 months between 2012 and 2013 at Kangbuk Samsung Hospital. The participants in the control group (n=31) maintained their previous diabetes management. The intervention (n=41) was addition of mobile healthcare-based DMSE to diabetes care through a mobile application and regular, individualized feedback from healthcare professionals. The primary outcome was change in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level over 6 months between two groups and within each group. Changes in body mass index, blood pressure, lipid profile, and scores on four questionnaires (the Korean version of the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities Questionnaire [SDSCA], an Audit of Diabetes Dependent Quality of Life, the Appraisal of Diabetes Scale, and the Problem Areas in Diabetes [PAID]) over 6 months between the control and intervention groups and within each group were the secondary outcomes.
Results:
A total 66 participants completed this study. HbA1c, total cholesterol level, and PAID scores significantly decreased (P values of .04, .04, and .02, respectively) and total diet and self-monitoring of blood glucose scores based on the SDSCA markedly increased (P values of .03 and .01, respectively) versus baseline in the intervention group. These significant changes were observed in self-motivated participants who were recruited voluntarily via advertisement.
Conclusions:
Mobile healthcare-based DMSE was effective at improving glycemic control and diabetes self-management skills and lowering diabetes-related distress, especially in voluntary participants. Clinical Trial: NCT03468283 (http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03468283)
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