Accepted for/Published in: Journal of Medical Internet Research
Date Submitted: Feb 5, 2020
Date Accepted: Apr 27, 2020
Date Submitted to PubMed: May 5, 2020
Warning: This is an author submission that is not peer-reviewed or edited. Preprints - unless they show as "accepted" - should not be relied on to guide clinical practice or health-related behavior and should not be reported in news media as established information.
Relationships Between Television Viewing, Computer and Mobile Phone Usage and Sleep Quality in a Chinese Population: Findings From the “Healthy Living, Longer Lives” Study
ABSTRACT
Background:
No study has investigated comprehensively the typical screen–based electronic media device usage and its association with sleep quality among the Chinese population with a wide range of ages.
Objective:
The present study aimed to understand the characteristics of TV viewing, computer and mobile phone usage in a representative Chinese population in Macau and to examine their roles in predicting variations in sleep quality.
Methods:
This cross–sectional study was an analysis of 1500 Macau residents aged 18 to 90 years based on a community–based health needs assessment study entitled, “Healthy Living, Longer Lives”. Data collection was conducted in seven districts of Macau from 2017 to 2018 through face-to-face interviews. The lengths of daily TV viewing, computer, and mobile phone usage were recorded in a self–administered questionnaire. The Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess sleep quality.
Results:
The prevalence of television, computer and mobile phone usage was 78.4%, 51.6%, and 85.5%, respectively. The average daily hours of usage were 1.75±1.62, 1.53±2.26 and 2.85±2.47 hours, accordingly. Females spent more time watching television (P=.032) and using mobile phones(P=.018) and less time on the computer (P=.042) as compared to males. Old people were more likely to watch television while young people spent more time using the computer and mobile phones (all P for trend<.001). The mean PSQI global score was 4.79±2.80 among the participants. Females exhibited significantly higher PSQI scores than males (5.04 vs. 4.49, P<.001). No linear association was observed between the PSQI score and the amount of time spent on the three electronic devices (all P>0.05). Using curve estimation, the significant quadratic curvilinear associations were observed in PSQI–TV (P=.003) and PSQI–computer (P<.001) among overall participants, and in PSQI–mobile phone among youths (15–24 years) (P=.040). After adjustment of the gender, age, BMI, demographics, and lifestyle factors, more than three hours of television viewing and four hours of computer or mobile phone usage was associated with 85% (95% CI: 1.04–1.87; P=.008), 72% (95% CI: 1.01–2.92; P=.045), and 53% (95%CI: 1.06–2.22; P=.024) greater odds of having poor sleep quality (PSQI score > 5), respectively.
Conclusions:
The mobile phone was the most popular electronic screen device used in the Macau population, especially in young people. The “J” shape associations were observed between sleep quality and the duration of television viewing, computer and mobile phone usage, indicating that the extreme use of electronic screen devices predicted poorer sleep status, whereas moderate use would be acceptable. Clinical Trial: null
Citation
