JMIR Publications

ABSTRACT

Background:

Changes noted within the ageing population are physical, cognitive as well as emotional. Social isolation and loneliness are also serious problems that the ageing population may encounter. As technology and applications become more accessible, many basic services, such as though offered by social services, wellbeing organisations and healthcare institutions have invested in the development of supportive devices, services and online interaction. Despite the perceived benefits that these offer, many ageing individuals choose not to engage, or engage in a limited manner. In order to explore this phenomena we developed a theory to describe the condition for engagement.

Objective:

The main objective of this study was to understand the perceptions of an ageing South African population regarding online services and technologies that could support ageing-in-place. Although the concept of ageing-in-place speaks to a great number of everyday activities, this paper explores aspects of health and wellbeing as being central to ageing in place.

Methods:

The study used a grounded theory methodology, relying on an iterative and simultaneous process of data collection, coding, category development and data comparisons. Data was collected through qualitative methods, including interviews (13 participants, between the ages of 64 and 85), two participatory workshops (15 participants) and observations. The study focused on Charmaz’s approach to grounded theory, which puts forward the premise that theory or knowledge cannot take shape in a purely objective manner. Instead, theory is constructed through the interaction of the researcher and research participant.

Results:

Coding and data analysis was supported with Atlas.ti. The study resulted in a substantive theory exploring the process of interaction and engaging factors, through user insights and experiences. The emerging design theory, AUDDE (Ageing User Decision Driven Engagement), explored the elements that support engagement with technology and supportive applications, which could offer access to required health and wellness services.

Conclusions:

In AUDDE the perceived value of the interaction is a crucial catalyst for engagement. Ageing users continuously make meaning of their experiences, which affects their current and future actions.