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Accepted for/Published in: JMIR Mental Health

Date Submitted: Apr 3, 2018
Open Peer Review Period: Apr 6, 2018 - Jul 26, 2018
Date Accepted: Jul 26, 2018
(closed for review but you can still tweet)

The final, peer-reviewed published version of this preprint can be found here:

Web-Based Measure of Life Events Using Computerized Life Events and Assessment Record (CLEAR): Preliminary Cross-Sectional Study of Reliability, Validity, and Association With Depression

Bifulco A, Spence R, Nunn S, Kagan L, Bailey-Rodriguez D, Hosang GM, Taylor M, Fisher HL

Web-Based Measure of Life Events Using Computerized Life Events and Assessment Record (CLEAR): Preliminary Cross-Sectional Study of Reliability, Validity, and Association With Depression

JMIR Ment Health 2019;6(1):e10675

DOI: 10.2196/10675

PMID: 30622088

PMCID: 6329417

Computerized Life Events and Assessment Record Web-Based Measure of Life Events: A Preliminary Study of Reliability, Validity, and Association With Depression

  • Antonia Bifulco; 
  • Ruth Spence; 
  • Stephen Nunn; 
  • Lisa Kagan; 
  • Deborah Bailey-Rodriguez; 
  • Georgina M Hosang; 
  • Matthew Taylor; 
  • Helen L Fisher

ABSTRACT

Background:

Given the criticisms of life event checklists and the costs associated with interviews, life event research requires a sophisticated but easy-to-use measure for research and clinical practice. Therefore, the Computerized Life Events and Assessment Record (CLEAR), based on the Life Events and Difficulties Schedule (LEDS), was developed.

Objective:

The objective of our study was to test CLEAR’s reliability, validity, and association with depression.

Methods:

CLEAR, the General Health Questionnaire, and the List of Threatening Experiences Questionnaire (LTE-Q) were completed by 328 participants (126 students; 202 matched midlife sample: 127 unaffected controls, 75 recurrent depression cases). Test-retest reliability over 3-4 weeks was examined and validity determined by comparing CLEAR with LEDS and LTE-Q. Both CLEAR and LTE-Q were examined in relation to depression.

Results:

CLEAR demonstrated good test-retest reliability for the overall number of life events (0.89) and severe life events (.60). Long-term problems showed similar findings. In terms of validity, CLEAR severe life events had moderate sensitivity (59.1%) and specificity (65.4%) when compared with LEDS. CLEAR demonstrated moderate sensitivity (43.1%) and specificity (78.6%) when compared with LTE-Q. CLEAR severe life events and long-term problems were significantly associated with depression (odds ratio, OR 3.50, 95% CI 2.10 to 5.85, P<.001; OR 3.38, 95% CI 2.02 to 5.67, P<.001, respectively), whereas LTE-Q events were not (OR 1.06, 95% CI 0.43 to 2.60, P=.90).

Conclusions:

CLEAR has acceptable reliability and validity and predicts depression. It, therefore, has great potential for effective use in research and clinical practice identifying stress-related factors for the onset and maintenance of depression and related disorders.


 Citation

Please cite as:

Bifulco A, Spence R, Nunn S, Kagan L, Bailey-Rodriguez D, Hosang GM, Taylor M, Fisher HL

Web-Based Measure of Life Events Using Computerized Life Events and Assessment Record (CLEAR): Preliminary Cross-Sectional Study of Reliability, Validity, and Association With Depression

JMIR Ment Health 2019;6(1):e10675

DOI: 10.2196/10675

PMID: 30622088

PMCID: 6329417

Per the author's request the PDF is not available.

© The authors. All rights reserved. This is a privileged document currently under peer-review/community review (or an accepted/rejected manuscript). Authors have provided JMIR Publications with an exclusive license to publish this preprint on it's website for review and ahead-of-print citation purposes only. While the final peer-reviewed paper may be licensed under a cc-by license on publication, at this stage authors and publisher expressively prohibit redistribution of this draft paper other than for review purposes.