JMIR Publications

ABSTRACT

Background:

Background:

Promoting health knowledge is one of the most fundamental, cost-effective, and impactful strategies for improving population health. China has entered a moderately aging society, with over 60% of its elderly population suffering from chronic diseases and exhibiting generally low levels of health literacy. Short videos have become the primary source of health information for elderly internet users. However, current health science communication materials show significant shortcomings in age-friendliness. As key contributors to health education, clinical nurses lack standardized tools to evaluate their age-friendly science communication competence. Therefore, developing an evaluation index system is essential for enhancing the quality of age-friendly health communication.

Objective:

Objective:

This study aims to develop an evaluation index system for assessing clinical nurses’ age-friendly science communication competence through short videos, providing a scientific basis for objective evaluation and targeted training.

Methods:

Methods:

A mixed-methods approach combining qualitative and quantitative techniques was employed. Guided by the Lasswell 5W communication model and informed by the digital media usage patterns of older adults, an initial evaluation framework was developed through theoretical analysis, literature review, and focus group discussions. Two rounds of Delphi expert consultation were conducted to refine the indicators, and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was applied to determine the weights of each indicator level. The reliability and validity of the system were assessed using questionnaire data, and both exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were performed.

Results:

Results:

A total of 23 experts from five provinces participated, with a 100% response rate in both rounds of consultation. The expert authority coefficients were 0.952 and 0.960, respectively. Kendall’ s coefficient of concordance ranged from 0.182 to 0.289 and 0.194 to 0.329 (P<.001), and the consistency ratio (CR) remained below 0.1. A total of 706 valid questionnaires were collected, yielding a Cronbach α coefficient of 0.966. The final system consisted of 5 first-level indicators, 14 second-level indicators, and 51 third-level indicators. In the EFA, the KMO measure of sampling adequacy was 0.946, and Bartlett’ s test of sphericity yielded a chi-square value of 27,852.682 with 1,275 degrees of freedom (P<.001). The CFA demonstrated a good model fit (χ2/df=1.924, GFI=0.887, AGFI=0.868, RMSEA=0.036). All 14 dimensions showed composite reliability(CR)≥0.888 and average variance extracted(AVE)≥0.636, indicating strong reliability and construct validity.

Conclusions:

Conclusions:

The developed evaluation index system for clinical nurses’ age-friendly short video science communication competence demonstrates strong scientific rigor and practical applicability. It provides a reliable tool for objectively assessing nurses’ capabilities in delivering age-friendly health education through short videos and offers guidance for improving the quality of age-appropriate health communication materials.