Previously submitted to: Journal of Medical Internet Research (no longer under consideration since Sep 03, 2024)
Date Submitted: May 17, 2023
Open Peer Review Period: May 17, 2023 - Jul 12, 2023
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A personalized text message smoking cessation intervention affect smoking behaviour for smokers who fail to reach abstinence: A double-blind, randomized controlled trial
ABSTRACT
Background:
Emerging evidence supports the efficacy of mobile phone interventions for smoking cessation. However, the behaviour change of smokers who fail to reach abstinence and the related psychological mechanism are still understudied.
Objective:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a behaviour change theory–based personalized text message smoking cessation intervention from the perspective of smokers who fail to reach abstinence.
Methods:
This study was a two-arm, double-blind, randomized, control trial. Intervention group participants received personalized text messages developed by this study. Control group participants received a nonpersonalized text message smoking cessation intervention. The outcomes were: 1.Changing in smoking frequency 2.Changing in smoking amount 3.Changes in protection motivation theory (PMT) construct scores.
Results:
722 Participants were randomly assigned to the intervention or control group. 32.3% (93) of baseline daily smokers in the intervention group and 20.0% (60) in the control group changed to weekly smokers during the follow-up period (P<0.01), and 43.4% (125) of consistent daily smokers in the intervention group and 32.8% (95) in the control group continuously reduced their smoking amount during the follow-up period (P<0.01). Intrinsic rewards of smoking were negatively associated with changing from daily to weekly smoking. Perceived severity of smoking was positively associated with reducing the smoking amount. Self-efficacy of quitting was associated with changing from daily to weekly smoking and reducing the smoking amount.
Conclusions:
This study found that a personalized text message-based intervention was more likely than a nonpersonalized text message to decrease the frequency and amount of smoking in smokers who fail to reach abstinence. Further analyses propose the possible psychological mechanism of such positive effects. This study could be useful to other countries that are starting to design or promote text message-based smoking cessation interventions. Clinical Trial: Registered at: https://www.chictr.org.cn/ Registration Number: ChiCTR2100041942
Citation
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