Previously submitted to: JMIR mHealth and uHealth (no longer under consideration since Jul 27, 2021)
Date Submitted: Jun 28, 2021
Open Peer Review Period: Jun 28, 2021 - Aug 23, 2021
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Using Wearable Devices to Decrease Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Sedentary Individuals: A Systematic Review
ABSTRACT
Background:
Cardiovascular disease risk increases with sedentary behavior. The availability of wearable devices continues to expand, and despite devices being marketed to improve physical activity among wearers, no comprehensive assessment exists to evaluate the ability of such devices to decrease sedentary behavior and cardiovascular disease risk.
Objective:
To examine the effect of interventions incorporating digital wearable devices on populations at increased risk of cardiovascular disease – those not meeting World Health Organization recommendations for physical activity.
Methods:
MEDLINE was searched (January 1995 to February 2016) for English-language peer-reviewed publications or systematic reviews evaluating the impact of interventions incorporating digital wearable devices among the physically inactive. Two investigators extracted data independently on study design, intervention, duration, eligibility criteria, and clinical outcomes. The research design of each study was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration’s Risk of Bias tool.
Results:
Thirty-six studies met inclusion criterial, and of those 40 to 53% reported a significant positive intervention effect on physical activity on sedentary individuals. Of included studies, nine compared sedentary cohorts to more physically active groups. Five of these found that sedentary participants responded more favorably to interventions than more physically active participants.
Conclusions:
For sedentary individuals at high-risk of cardiovascular disease, evidence suggests that interventions utilizing digital wearable health devices may improve physical activity, and in some cases sedentary individuals may benefit more than those previously physically active. Further study and application of such interventions to decrease cardiovascular disease risk is warranted.
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