Previously submitted to: Journal of Medical Internet Research (no longer under consideration since Oct 07, 2021)
Date Submitted: Dec 14, 2020
Warning: This is an author submission that is not peer-reviewed or edited. Preprints - unless they show as "accepted" - should not be relied on to guide clinical practice or health-related behavior and should not be reported in news media as established information.
A Meaningful Interface for Integrating Patient-reported Outcomes in Electronic Health Records: A Proof of Concept Study
ABSTRACT
Background:
Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are getting more attention to be integrated in electronic health records (EHR). Application programming interfaces (APIs) are widely used for integration between PRO collection module and EHR system. However, API-based interface has some barriers hindering widespread adoption.
Objective:
This study aims to describe the architecture of a novel interface to facilitate PRO collection and integration.
Methods:
We used JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) to describe a PRO measurement (PROM). With the specification of JSON, we developed an algorithm to put PRO data collected on patient’s mobile device into a Quick Response (QR) code. At the point of care, we utilized a QR code reader as an interface to transfer scanned data into EHR. We developed an open-source framework to validate the interface. We used the Net Promoter Score (NPS) to evaluate user satisfaction.
Results:
The JSON designed for a PROM can contain up to 45,360 questions with optional answers for a specific screening purpose. Our algorithm showed a QR code can store up to 672 questions with answered results. Our framework demonstrated the interface feasible for implementation. NPS survey showed 89.6% patients, 92.3% clinicians and 100% developers are satisfied.
Conclusions:
Collecting PRO over QR code appears to be an optimal interface by simplifying integration. Our study provides new insights to collect PRO with interoperability and big-data in mind. Further evaluations are warranted to validate these findings in routine clinical setting.
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