Previously submitted to: JMIR mHealth and uHealth (no longer under consideration since Dec 04, 2020)
Date Submitted: Nov 2, 2020
Open Peer Review Period: Nov 1, 2020 - Dec 4, 2020
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Altered functional connectivity of the salience network in excessive smartphone users
ABSTRACT
Background:
Smartphones play an integral role in daily life, providing convenience and increasing efficiency. However, these devices also cause adverse effects on an individual’s cognition, emotion, and behavior when used excessively.
Objective:
The purpose of this study was to examine the underlying neurobiological alterations that arise due to excessive smartphone use and impact cognition, emotion, and behavior.
Methods:
We performed a resting state seed-based functional connectivity analysis of 44 individuals who overuse smartphones and 54 healthy controls. This analysis assessed the default mode, salience, central executive, and affective networks. The correlations between functional connectivity strengths and clinical characteristics were investigated in excessive smartphone users.
Results:
Compared to control users, excessive smartphone users showed enhanced functional connectivity within the salience network and between the salience and default mode networks. Furthermore, excessive smartphone users exhibited a negative associated with connectivity between the anterior insula and precuneus and disturbance of adaptive function. On the contrary, we observed decreased functional connectivity between the anterior insula and prefrontal cortex. Moreover, enhanced functional connectivity between the amygdala and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex were observed in excessive smartphone users and correlated with smartphone usage time for entertainment.
Conclusions:
Integration of results implies that excessive smartphone use is associated with aberrant functional connectivity in four key brain networks. Our results suggest that changes in functional connectivity of key networks affect cognition, emotion, and behavior of excessive smartphone users.
Citation
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