Currently submitted to: JMIR Preprints
Date Submitted: Jun 18, 2020
Open Peer Review Period: Jun 18, 2020 - Jun 3, 2021
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SARS-CoV-2 Biology Insights, Part II. COVID-19 as a systemic persistent infection: narrative review.
ABSTRACT
Background:
As reviewed in Part I, SARS-CoV-2 Spike presents special features including a furin cleavage site and 4 HIV-like sequences that are expected to facilitate viral infection spreading.
Objective:
To evaluate whether there is evidence regarding systemic infection by coronaviruses, SARS and SARS-CoV-2.
Methods:
A literature review was done using Google searching engine. Due to the recent emergence of COVID-19 as a new illness, webpages and newspapers were also considered.
Results:
Some other CoV, SARS and SARS-CoV-2 can directly infect several body tissues. SARS-CoV-2 infects the immune system like HIV. It has also been detected in the body fluids and in several body tissues. Although rare, the development of potentially fatal Kawasaki disease associated with COVD-19 has been reported. Importantly, early medical attention saves children´s life in such rare cases.
Conclusions:
SARS-CoV-2 targets the immune system and can cause a systemic persistent infection affecting most human systems including the nervous system. The name of the virus should be accordingly updated. Both symptomatic and asymptomatic infected subjects should be monitored, since long-term effects are possible. As Reviewed in Part I, there fortunately are promising therapeutic strategies. As will be expressed in Part III, latency and sperm transmission to the descendants are not discarded yet. In Part V Viewpoint, the importance of protecting our young population will be accordingly stressed.
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